Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Conflicting findings have been published regarding the pressure wave reflection and the arterial stiffness in young women with PCOS as opposed to the overt ab initio presence of endothelial dysfunction compared with controls which can be reversed six months after metformin administration. The aim of this study was to investigate arterial stiffness and wave reflections in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with respects to the different weight...

Introduction: AGEs have been shown to be accumulated in granulosa cell layer from human ovaries in normal and in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance. AGEs interfere with insulin signaling pathways of several target tissues and are implicated in insulin resistance mechanisms. There is evidence that within the ovary these pathways are also important for glucose metabolism and normal folliculogenesis. The effect of human glycated albumin (HGA) eit...

The connective tissue components, collagen types I, III and IV, which surround the ovarian follicles, undergo drastic changes during ovulation. Abnormal collagen synthesis and increased volume and density of ovarian stroma characterise the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Physiologically, collagen synthesis in ovarian follicles is partly regulated by lysyl oxidase (LOX), which catalyzes the collagen and elastin cross-linking and plays indispensable role in the organization of...

In insulin resistant, young women with PCOS elevated serum AGEs and their receptor RAGE have been reported. The present study (approved by the local ethical committee) was undertaken to determine whether increased levels of serum AGEs in PCOS is a distinct finding compared with age- and BMI-matched women, presenting the isolated components of the syndrome and whether serum AGE levels were different among PCOS phenotypes. A total of 193 lean non-insulin resistant women were stu...

The present study aimed to investigate whether dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are detected in the ovarian tissue of normal female rats and whether they affect metabolic or hormonal profile.Normal rats were randomly assigned to regular diet, high (H-AGE) or low (L-AGE) content for 6 months. Age-matched rats fed with regular diet served as controls.H-AGE rats, demonstrated higher levels of fasting glucose (P&#6...

Serum levels of soluble RAGE (sRAGE total), the soluble isoform of the receptor of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) that lacks the transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains of RAGE, has been found elevated in type 2 diabetics and non diabetic subjects and positively correlated with AGEs levels. In women with PCOS, while serum AGEs have been demonstrated to be elevated, sRAGE levels have not been determined as yet.The aim of the present study was to...

In female rats, diet enriched in advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has been associated with increased serum testosterone levels and deposition of dietary glycotoxins in ovarian tissue.Women with PCOS present increased serum AGE levels, which are acutely elevated after intake of a single meal high in AGE content. In this study the effects of a hypocaloric diet and an AGE-enriched hypocaloric diet were investigated, on the endocrine and metabolic prof...

Background: Low-grade systemic chronic inflammation has been recognized in diabetes. The purpose of this study was the assessment of proinflammatory cytokines secretion profile in long-standing diabetes along with the presence of systemic inflammation.Methods: Twenty patients with type 1 (T1DM: 7 women, age (±S.E.M.): 30.90±1.93 years, duration of disease: 142.47±28.34 months) and 21 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus T2...

Objective: Neuroinflammation is a common primary or secondary mediator of the neurodegenerative process accompanying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Impaired brain insulin signaling, defining brain insulin resistance may represent a link between AD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) while neuronal apoptosis may also be involved in the inflammatory process. Peripheral cytokine levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα along with high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and apopt...